Where the Mind is Without Fear -All in one
Where the Mind is Without Fear
Rabindranath Tagore
| মূল কবিতা | সহজ ভাষ্য | ব্যাখ্যা |
|---|---|---|
| চিত্ত যেথা ভয়শূন্য, উচ্চ যেথা শির | যেখানে মানুষের মন ভয়ের ঊর্ধ্বে থাকে এবং মাথা থাকে উঁচু। | কবি এমন একটি সমাজের কল্পনা করেছেন যেখানে মানুষ মর্যাদাসম্পন্ন এবং সাহসী। |
| জ্ঞান যেথা মুক্ত, যেথা গৃহের প্রাচীর | যেখানে শিক্ষা এবং জ্ঞান সবার জন্য উন্মুক্ত। | এখানে সংকীর্ণতা এবং সীমাবদ্ধ জ্ঞানচর্চার প্রতিবাদ করা হয়েছে। |
| আপন প্রাঙ্গণতলে দিবসশর্বরী | যেখানে মানুষ নিজের সীমাবদ্ধতায় আটকে থাকে না। | কবি ব্যক্তি ও সমাজের মুক্তির কথা বলেছেন, যেখানে তারা বৃহত্তর দৃষ্টিভঙ্গি নিয়ে এগিয়ে যায়। |
| বসুধারে রাখে নাই খণ্ড ক্ষুদ্র করি | যেখানে পৃথিবীকে ছোট ছোট ভাগে ভাগ করা হয় না। | এটি জাতি, ধর্ম এবং বর্ণের বিভেদহীন পৃথিবীর আহ্বান। |
| যেথা বাক্য হৃদয়ের উৎস থেকে উঠে | যেখানে কথা গভীর আন্তরিকতা থেকে আসে। | কবিতা আন্তরিক এবং সৎ বক্তব্যের গুরুত্ব তুলে ধরে। |
| যেথা নির্বারিত স্রোতে দেশের অন্তর | যেখানে দেশের মন বাধাহীনভাবে প্রবাহিত হয়। | এটি সমাজ ও দেশের প্রগতির প্রতীক। |
| আপন কর্মধারা ধুইয়ে চলে যায় | যেখানে কাজ সঠিক পথে এগিয়ে যায়। | কবি কাজের সততা এবং প্রভাবশীলতার কথা বলেছেন। |
| চিরস্রোত স্বর্গীয় প্রাণে | যা চিরন্তন এবং স্বর্গীয় শক্তিতে অনুপ্রাণিত। | এটি আদর্শ জীবনের এক চিত্র। |
| যেথা চিন্তা ভাবনা যুক্তির পরিষদে | যেখানে চিন্তা ও যুক্তি একসাথে চলে। | যুক্তিসঙ্গত ও সুপরিকল্পিত চিন্তার প্রয়োজনীয়তা তুলে ধরা হয়েছে। |
- Fear: ভয়
- Knowledge: জ্ঞান
- Fragmented: বিচ্ছিন্ন
- Narrow: সংকীর্ণ
- Domestic: ঘরোয়া
- Tireless: অলসিত
- Striving: চেষ্টা
- Perfection: সম্পূর্ণতা
- Clear: স্পষ্ট
- Reason: বুদ্ধি
- Stream: ধারা
- Desert: মরুভূমি
- Dead Habit: মৃত্যু নব্য
- Ever-widening: নিরন্তর বৃহত্তর
- Thought: চিন্তা
- Action: কর্ম
- Heaven: স্বর্গ
- Truth: সত্য
- Awake: জাগ্রত
- Consciousness: চেতনা
- Unity: একতা
- Superstition: ধর্মবিশ্বাস
- Progress: উন্নতি
- Chains: শৃঙ্খল
- Freedom: স্বাধীনতা
- Dignity: মানবীয়তা
- Broad: বিস্তার
- Self-respect: আত্মসম্মান
- Slavery: গোলামি
- Prejudice: পূর্বাগ্রহণ
Where the Mind is without Fear
Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high;
Where knowledge is free;
Where the world has not been broken up into fragments
By narrow domestic walls;
Where words come out from the depth of truth;
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection;
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit;
Where the mind is led forward by thee
Into ever-widening thought and action—
Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.
চিত্ত যেথা ভয়শূন্য
চিত্ত যেথা ভয়শূন্য, উচ্চ যেথা শির,
জ্ঞান যেথা মুক্ত, যেথা গৃহের প্রাচীর
আপন প্রাঙ্গণতলে দিবসশর্বরী
বসুধারে রাখে নাই খণ্ড ক্ষুদ্র করি,
যেথা বাক্য হৃদয়ের উৎস থেকে উঠে,
যেথা নির্বারিত স্রোতে দেশের অন্তর
আপন কর্মধারা ধুইয়ে চলে যায়,
চিরস্রোত স্বর্গীয় প্রাণে;
যেথা চিন্তা ভাবনা যুক্তির পরিষদে
অভ্রান্তভাবে চলে শতবার্ষিক পথ,
জড়ের প্রাচীন বন্ধন যেথা না করে
জীর্ণ-ক্ষীণ ধূলিকণাবিবরে সঞ্চয়;
পিতঃ, যেথা তুমি সবারে পূর্ণ কর,
মুক্ত তুমি, আনন্দে।
Features of the Poem
1. Summary:
This poem is Tagore's vision of a free, progressive, and united India. He dreams of a land where fear, ignorance, and discrimination no longer exist. Knowledge flows freely, and people strive tirelessly for truth and perfection.
2. Themes:
- Freedom: Mental, social, and political liberation.
- Unity: A country unbroken by divisions.
- Truth and Knowledge: Valuing reason and education.
3. Message:
The poem inspires us to break free from fear, prejudice, and narrow-mindedness to achieve a harmonious and enlightened society.
4. Figures of Speech:
- Metaphor: "Clear stream of reason" represents rational thinking.
- Alliteration: "Where words come out from the depth of truth."
5. Genre:
Lyric poem that reflects patriotic and philosophical ideas.
6. Context:
Written during India’s struggle for independence. Tagore emphasizes moral and intellectual freedom.
7. Poet's Intention:
To awaken the spirit of freedom and rationality among Indians.
Questions and Answers
Shortest Questions (1 Mark)
- Who wrote the poem? Rabindranath Tagore.
- What does the poet pray for? A fearless, united, and enlightened nation.
- What is the meaning of "dead habit"? Outdated customs and beliefs.
Broad Question (10 Marks)
Rabindranath Tagore’s poem reflects his vision of freedom and enlightenment. It remains universally relevant.
Shortest Questions (1 Mark)
- Who wrote the poem?
- The poem "Where the Mind is Without Fear" was written by Rabindranath Tagore, a celebrated poet, thinker, and the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
- What does the poet pray for?
- The poet prays for a nation where people are fearless, united, and free to pursue truth and knowledge without any barriers or divisions.
- What is the meaning of "dead habit"?
- "Dead habit" means outdated customs, practices, and beliefs that hinder progress and keep people tied to the past without allowing them to grow intellectually or socially.
- What does "clear stream of reason" symbolize?
- "Clear stream of reason" symbolizes rational and logical thinking that is free from confusion and prejudice, enabling people to make wise and fair decisions.
- What is "heaven of freedom"?
- "Heaven of freedom" is a metaphor for a utopian place or state where there is complete liberty, peace, unity, and enlightenment, free from fear and oppression.
- What does "narrow domestic walls" mean?
- "Narrow domestic walls" refers to divisions among people based on religion, caste, class, or nationality, which restrict their ability to think broadly and work together.
- What does the poet want to avoid?
- The poet wants to avoid fear, ignorance, prejudice, superstitions, and unnecessary divisions that obstruct unity, freedom, and progress.
- What is the genre of the poem?
- The poem is a lyric that expresses the poet's personal and emotional vision of an ideal society, combining patriotism and spirituality.
- When was the poem written?
- The poem was written during the colonial period when India was under British rule, reflecting Tagore’s hopes for freedom and enlightenment for his nation.
- What does "striving" mean?
- "Striving" means making continuous and determined efforts to achieve a goal, even in the face of difficulties or challenges.
Short Questions (4 Marks)
- Explain the phrase "Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high."
The phrase "Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high" describes the poet’s vision of a free and dignified society. The poet imagines a world where people live without fear of oppression, injustice, or inequality. Fearlessness indicates the freedom to think and express oneself openly. “Head held high” symbolizes self-respect, confidence, and pride in one’s identity. Together, this line presents the poet’s ideal of a liberated and empowered society where everyone enjoys dignity and equality. It is not just a call for political freedom but also for mental and emotional liberation. This line is a timeless reminder of the importance of courage and self-respect in building a just and progressive society.
- Discuss the relevance of "Where the Mind is Without Fear" in today’s world.
The poem remains highly relevant in today’s world as it addresses issues like fear, prejudice, and ignorance, which continue to affect societies globally. Tagore’s vision of a world where knowledge is free and reason prevails is crucial in times when misinformation and rigid ideologies often create divisions. His emphasis on unity and breaking "narrow domestic walls" resonates in a world fragmented by religion, caste, race, and class. The poem also inspires people to work tirelessly for progress and truth, which are essential for creating a fair and peaceful society. In an era of rapid globalization and conflict, the ideals expressed in the poem serve as a guide for achieving harmony and enlightenment.
Broad Question (10 Marks)
Analyze the central idea of "Where the Mind is Without Fear."- Introduction: Rabindranath Tagore’s poem "Where the Mind is Without Fear" is a prayer to God for a free and enlightened society. Written during India’s colonial period, it reflects the poet’s aspirations for a nation liberated from fear, oppression, and ignorance. The poem transcends time and place, addressing universal values of freedom, unity, and rationality.
- Central Idea: The central idea of the poem revolves around freedom in its truest sense. Tagore dreams of a society where people are free from fear and prejudice, where knowledge flows freely, and where rational thinking guides actions. He envisions a land unbroken by divisions like caste, religion, and regionalism, emphasizing unity and collective progress.
- Key Themes:
- Freedom: The poem highlights the need for both mental and social freedom. Liberation from fear, ignorance, and oppression is crucial for progress.
- Unity: Tagore condemns divisions based on narrow beliefs and advocates for a united society.
- Truth and Rationality: The poet stresses the importance of truth, reason, and tireless effort in achieving perfection. These values form the foundation of a progressive and enlightened nation.
- Poetic Devices: Tagore uses metaphors like "clear stream of reason" to symbolize rationality and "dead habit" to represent outdated customs. These devices enhance the philosophical depth of the poem and make its message more powerful. The poem’s lyrical quality and simplicity make it universally relatable.
- Conclusion: "Where the Mind is Without Fear" is not just a patriotic poem but also a timeless prayer for humanity. It inspires people to rise above divisions, embrace truth and reason, and work tirelessly for a better world. The poem’s ideals continue to resonate, offering a vision of hope and progress for all nations and generations.
